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1 μάκτρα
μάκτρᾱ, μάκτραkneading-trough: fem nom /voc /acc dualμάκτρᾱ, μάκτραkneading-trough: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic)μάκτρονwiper: neut nom /voc /acc pl——————μάκτραι, μάκτραkneading-trough: fem nom /voc plμάκτρᾱͅ, μάκτραkneading-trough: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic) -
2 πίστρα
πίστρᾱ, πίστραdrinking-trough: fem nom /voc /acc dualπίστρᾱ, πίστραdrinking-trough: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic)πίστρονdrinking-trough: neut nom /voc /acc pl -
3 ληνός
1 winevat in which the grapes are pressed, PCair.Zen.300.15 (iii B.C.), Theoc.7.25, 25.28, D.S.3.63.3 = κάρδοπος, kneading-trough, Men.116.6 part of the brain, the meeting-point of the sinuses of the dura mater, still called torcular Herophili, Herophil. ap. Gal.2.712, cf. UP9.6.7 hollow of a chariot, Hsch. (pl.).8 in pl., the lower parts of the nose, Poll.2.80. -
4 μάσσω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `knead (dough), press a plastic material in a form, strike, wipe off, pull, represent' (τ 92).Other forms: Att. μάττω, - ομαι, aor. μάξαι, - σθαι, pass. μαγῆναι, μαχθῆναι, perf. midd. μέμαγμαι, act. μέμαχα (Ar.).Derivatives: Many derivv. 1. ἐκμαγεῖον ( μαγεῖον Longin.) `mass, in which prints are made, offprint, mould, towel, serviette' (IA.). 2. μαγίς, - ίδος f. `kneaded mass, cake, kneading trough, dresser' (Hp., Com, S.). 3. μάγμα n. `kneaded mass, thick salve, smear' (pap., Plin.), ἔκ-, ἀπό-μαγμα `offprint, duster, wiped off dirt' (Hp., S., Thphr.), μαγμον τὸ καθάρσιον H. 4. ἔκ-, ἀνά-μαξις `wiping off' (Arist.). -- 5. μαγεύς m. `kneeader, baker, who wipes off' (Poll., AP, H.), prob. directly from verb (after Boßhardt 81 from *μαγή). 6. μακτήρ ἡ κάρδοπος, ἡ πυελίς. καὶ διφθέρα. καὶ ὀρχήσεως σχῆμα H. (on the dance name Lawler AmJPh 71, 70ff.); ( ἀπο-, κατα-)μάκτης `kneader, who wipes off' ( Com. Adesp., H.), f., ἀπομάκτρια (Poll.). 7. μάκτρα f. `baking trough' (Com., X.), `trough, bathing tub, sarcophagus' (hell.; wr. μάκρα, Schwyzer 337); ( ἔκ-, ἀπό-)-μάκτρον `offprint, towel etc.' (E., Ar.). 8. μακτήριον = μάκτρα (Plu.). 9. μακτρισμός name of a dance (Ath.; after κορδακισμός; cf. on μακτήρ above) with - ίστρια name of a danceress (ebd.). -- 10. ἀπομαγδαλιά (Ar., Plu., Gal.), μαγδαλιά (Gal.; - έα Hippiatr.) `bread crumb for handwashing'; like ἁρμαλιά, φυταλιά etc. (Scheller Oxytonierung 90), but with unexplained δ (after *ἀπομάγδην?). -- 11. With auslaut. κ: μακαρία βρῶμα ἐκ ζωμοῦ καὶ ἀλφίτων H. -- On μᾶζα s. v.Etymology: For comparison we have words with final g, IE *maǵ-, esp. in Germanic and Baltoslavic, e.g. NHG machen, OS makōn `make, erect, build', if prop. `knead, form', OCS mažǫ, mazati `smear, salve'; further Celt., e.g. Bret. meza `knead'; uncertain Arm. macanim, macnum `stick fast, congeal'. On the other hand we find a final k with nasal, IE * menk-, in Lith. mìnkau, mánkau, - yti `knead a weak masse', OCS mǫka, Russ. muká `flour' and many other Baltoslavic words; from Germ. one might consider NHG mengen, OE mengan etc., if prop. `knead together'; from Skt. macate `crush etc.' (Dhātup.). Further there are a few longvowel words without nasal: Latv. màcu, màkt `press, plague' and Lat. māceria `wall)kneaded from loam'. -- Of the Greek word only the isolated μακαρία has a clear tenuis, as μάσσω (first from *μακ-ι̯ω) can be explained as a deviation. As however also μαγῆναι as well as the nominal γ-forms can be so explained (cf. Schwyzer 760), one can explain Greek if necessary with IE * menk. A suppletive system * menk (: μακαρία, μάσσω): maǵ-(: μαγῆναι) is conceivable -- WP. 2, 224, 226f., 268, Pok. 696f., 698, 730f., W.-Hofmann s. māceria, Fraenkel s. mìnkyti u. mė́šlas, Vasmer s. mázatь, muká, mjágkij; s. also Bq. - One retains some doubts however; note among other things the form - μαγδαλιά; further the supposed interchange * menk-: *meh₂ǵ- arouses suspicion.Page in Frisk: 2,180-181Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μάσσω
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5 Πλυνώ
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6 μάκτρας
μάκτρᾱς, μάκτραkneading-trough: fem acc plμάκτρᾱς, μάκτραkneading-trough: fem gen sg (attic doric aeolic) -
7 πλυνώ
πλύνωAcut. (Sp.)fut ind act 1st sg (attic epic doric)πλυνόςtrough: masc gen sg (doric aeolic)——————πλυνόςtrough: masc dat sg -
8 σκάφαι
σκάφηtrough: fem nom /voc plσκάφᾱͅ, σκάφηtrough: fem dat sg (doric aeolic) -
9 σκάφας
σκάφᾱς, σκάφηtrough: fem acc plσκάφᾱς, σκάφηtrough: fem gen sg (doric aeolic) -
10 σκάφη
σκάφηtrough: fem nom /voc sg (attic epic ionic)σκάφος 2hull of a ship: neut nom /voc /acc pl (attic epic doric)σκάφος 2hull of a ship: neut nom /voc /acc dual (doric aeolic)σκάπτωdig: aor ind pass 3rd sg (homeric ionic)——————σκάφηtrough: fem dat sg (attic epic ionic) -
11 σκάφη
σκᾰφ-η, ἡ:I trough, tub, basin, or bowl (Hom. only in [var] Dim. σκαφίς), Hdt.4.73, Ar.Ec. 742, etc.; kneading-trough or baker's tray, Timocl.33, cf. Poll.10.102; wash-tub, bath, A.Fr. 225, Hp.Steril.234; bowl or tray on which offerings were carried by metoeci at the Panathenaea, etc., IG12.844.6, 22.1388.46, al., Semus 5; cf. σκαφηφόρος: prov.,τὰ σῦκα σῦκα, τὴν σκάφην σκάφην λέγει Apostol.15.95b
, cf. Plu.2.178b, Luc.Hist.Conscr.41, Jul.Or. 7.208a.2 light boat, skiff, Ar.Eq. 1315 (with a pun on signf. 1), PCair.Zen.25.5 (iii B.C.), Plb.1.23.7; used for cargo, BGU1742.9 (i B.C.); boat-load,ξύλων PGrad.9.5
(iii B.C.).3 child's cradle, Arist.Po. 1454b25, Phylarch.36 J., Plu.Rom.3, Sor.1.106, al., Sch. Ar.Lys. 138 (prob.).II concave sun-dial, Vitr.9.8.1, Cleom.1.10, cf. Poll.6.110. (Prob. orig. something dug or scooped out, fr. σκάπτω.) -
12 δροίτη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `bathtub' (A.), also `cradle' (Alex. Aet.), `coffin' (Parth.), name of a dance (H.; s. Lawler AmJPh 71, 70ff.). Cf. δοῖτρον πύελον, σκάφην H., from *δροῖτρο?Derivatives: None.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Unexplained. After Holthausen IF 17, 294 and Lidén 18, 414 from *δροϜ-ιτα (but there is no suffix - ιτα, Fur. 238 n. 45, except a Pre-Greek one). One compares also OE trīg, NEng. tray `flat trough, dish' from PGm. *trau-i̯a-, IE *drou-i̯o-; both from the word for `wood' (s. δόρυ, δρῦς); cf. Skt. dró-ṇam `trough'. The younger form δρύτη has been explained from the pronunciation υ for οι and from association with δρῦς (or Pre-Greek?). See also Wackernagel Unt. 187 n. 1; Lasso de la Vega Emerita 23, 109ff.: to δρύεται. - From δροίτη prob. Lat. dureta `wooden bathtub' (Schwyzer KZ 62, 199ff.).Page in Frisk: 1,418-419Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δροίτη
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13 κάρδοπος
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `kneading-trough' (Com., Pl., Hom. Epigr., Nic.; on the fem. gender cf. the instances in Schwyzer-Debrunner 34 n. 2; on the artificially rationalized καρδόπη [Ar. Nu. 678] ib. 28 n. 1).Derivatives: Diminut. καρδόπιον (Delos IIa); καρδοπεῖον `cover of a trough' (H.; cod. - ιον), also `muzzle' (Ar. Fr. 301).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: No etymology. By Grošelj Ź̀iva Ant. 1, 125 explained it from κραδάω. Fur. 257 n. 38 suggests Hitt. harduppi, meaning uncertain. No doubt a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 1,788Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάρδοπος
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14 πύελος
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `water-trough' (with soaked corn?, τ 553; where grain is washed), `bathtub' (Hp., com., pap.), `coffin' (hell.; cf. Schulze Q. 515 a. Kl. Schr. 380 n.1).Other forms: hell. u. late πύαλος.Derivatives: πυέλ-ιον n. `coffin' (Crete, Diogenian.), - ίς (- αλίς), - ίδος f. `id.'; also `setting of a jewel, eye-socket etc.' (Att., hell.); - ώδης `trough-like, hollow' (Arist.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin](X)Etymology: Dissimilated from *πλυ-ελος? Nomen instr. or loci to πλύνω ( πλυ-τός, πλύ-σις a.o.). -- Interpretation by Masing, to be rejected; s. Kretschmer Glotta 6, 308. Cf. Renehan, Class. Rev. N.S. 18 (1968) 133. -- The etymol. from πλύω is almost certainly wrong; it is almost certainly a Pre-Greek word (though the variation - ελος\/- αλος (late) is not very significant.Page in Frisk: 2,620Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πύελος
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15 σκάπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to dig, to dig out, to work the earth', κατα- σκάπτω `to inter, to bury', usu. `to demolish, to raze to the ground, to destroy' (h. Merc., Pi.).Other forms: Aor. σκάψαι (IA.), fut. σκάψω, perf. ἔσκαφα, midd. ἔσκαμμαι (Att.), aor. pass. σκαφ-ῆναι (E., hell.), fut. - ήσομαι (J. a. o.),Compounds: Often w. prefix, esp. κατα-.Derivatives: Several derivv. (on the forms with φ cf. bel.): 1. σκάφη f. `winnow, bowl, trough, dish', also `ship' (IA.); σκάφος n. `hull of a ship', poet. also `ship' (IA.), rarely (as nom. act.) `the digging' (Hes. Op. 572, Gp.). 2. Diminut.: σκαφ-ίς, - ίδος f. `cup' (ι 223, Hp., Ar. a. o.), also `barge' and `spade' (hell. a. late); - ίον n. `bowl, cup' (com., hell. a. late), also as des. of a hair-dress (Ar., on the development of the meaning Solmsen Wortforsch. 203 ff. [disputable]), `barge' (Str., Hld.); - ίδιον n. `winnow, ship' (hell. a. late). 3. σκαφ-ίτης m. approx. `boatman' (Anon. ap. Demetr., Str.; Redard 44f.). 4. σκαφή f. `the digging' (hell. pap. a.o., Hdn. Gr. 1, 345), also `grave' (Bithynia; or σκάφη ?); often prefixcompp., esp. κατασκαφ-ή, often pl. - αί `tomb, demolition, destruction' (trag., also Att. prose); adj. κατασκαφ-ής `butied' (S.). 5. σκαφ-ιά f. `ditch, grave' (Halaesa Ia). 6. σκαφ-εύς m. `digger' (E., Archipp., hell. a. late; rather directly from σκάπτω than with Bosshardt 40 from σκαφή), also (from σκάφη) `dish, σκαφηφόρος' ( Com. Adesp.); from σκάφη also σκαφ-εύω `to empty in a trough' (Ctes., Plu.) with - ευσις (Eun.); besides - ευσις, - εία f. `the digging' (Suid.), - εῖον n. `shovel', also `bowl, cup' (= - ίον; youngatt. hell.) with - είδιον (Hdn. Epim.), - ευτής = fossor (Gloss.). 7. σκαφ-ητός m. `the digging' (Thphr., hell. a. late inscr. a. o.; after ἀλοητός a. o.), - ητροι pl. `id.' (pap. Ip); WestGr. (Delphi, Trozen a. o.) σκάπετος m. (Megara - πεδος; after δάπεδον, πέδον Solmsen Wortforsch. 196; not with Schwyzer 498 n. 13 "phonetical byform (play-)") `grave, tomb'; besides κάπετος `id.' (Il., Hp.), also `spade' (Gortyn)?, uncertain σκαπέτωσις `the digging' (Trozen). 8. σκαφαλος ἀντλητήρ H. (like πάσσαλος a.o.); λ-suffix also in σκαφλεύς = σκαφεύς (Athens IVa)?; Kumanudis Rev. de phil. 87, 99f. 9. σκαπ-άνη f. `shovel, spade' (Theoc., AP a. o.), also `excavation' (Thphr.), with - ανήτης m. `digger' (Zonar)., - ανεύς m. `id.' (Lyc., Phld., Str. a. o.; Bosshardt 68), - ανεύω `to dig up' (inscr. Magnesia [Epist. Darei], Phld. Rh.). 10. σκάμμα n. `the digging, ditch, place dug up' (Pl. Lg., hell. a. late). 11. περίσκαψις f. `the digging up' (pap. VIp, Gp.). 12. σκαπτήρ, - ῆρος m. `digger' (Margites, X. ap. Poll.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 107; 2, 55, Benveniste Noms d'agent 39), f. - τειρα (AP). 13. PN Σκαπτη ὕλη (Thrace; Hdt. a. o.) with Σκαπτησυλικός (Att. inscr.), - ίτης m. (St. Byz.); on the formaytion Schwyzer 452.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur. substr.XEtymology: As common basis of the above forms, which show an analogically levelled system, can serve both σκαπ- (with analog. σκαφ- after θάπτω: τάφος, ταφῆναι a. o.) and σκαφ- (with partly phonetical partly anal. σκαπ-). In the first case Italic gives the nearest connection in the relik Lat. scapulae, Umbr. scapla (acc. sg.) `shoulder(blade)', if prop. `shovel' as primary nom. agentis (cf. σκάφαλος above). In the latter case σκάπτω agrees formally to a widespread word for `plane, scratch etc.' in Lat. scăbō, Germ., e.g. OHG scaban, Lith. skabiù ( = σκάπτω; beside this skobiù, skõbti) `scoop out with the chisel, scraper v.t.', to which also Slav., e.g. Russ. skóbelь `plane-iron' etc. (s. W.-Hofmann, Fraenkel and Vasmer s. vv. w. lit.). Also σκάφη, σκάφος a. o. fit better with `plane, scoop out' than with `dig' (Solmsen Wortforsch. 196 ff. w. extensive treatment), without possibility to draw a clear limit. -- If one removes the s- as "movable" and assumes a vocalic variation ē̆: ō̆: ā̆, the etymological field becomes very large. If one goes even a step further and beside ( s)ke \/ o \/ a + p \/ bh- also accepyts a variant skē̆ip \/ b-, and considers that not only the above final consonants, but classifies also the varying vowels as formants or enlargements, we arrive at the `ideal' root sek- `cut etc.' (from which then also come sk-er- and sk-el-). Nobody believes, that such a "systematic" cutting up gives a right pisture of the linguistic processes. Old connections with κόπτω, perh. also with σκέπαρνος (s. vv. w. lit.; to this further still NPers. kāfađ `dig, split') a. cogn. with all kinds of crosses and deviations (!) may be possible, but cannot be demonstrated in detail. -- S. still σκήπτω and σκίπων. -- Frisk's discussion of σκάπτω is hopelessly dated; it refers clearly to Pok. 930 ff.; e.g. we now know that PIE did not have an ablaut e\/a; so the words with -e- must be omitted. I would strike the comparison with Lat. scapula (both for form and meaning). Also Lith. skobiù, skõbti, as Greek has no form with long ā. I think that the forms ( σ)κάπετος (s.v.) may be Pre-Greek, and so the other forms with σκαπ-; as also σκάφαλος and the strange σκαφλεύς. The other forms seem based on * skabh-, as in Lat. scabō and Germ., e.g. OHG scaban. I suggest that this form is a loan of a Eur. substratum.Page in Frisk: 2,718-720Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκάπτω
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16 ληνός
ληνός, οῦ, ἡ a term for someth. hollow, such as a vat or trough, hence also wine-press (so Theocr.; Diod S 3, 63, 4; ins: Sb 7541, 11 [II A.D.]; PAmh 48, 7 [106 B.C.]; POxy 729, 19; LXX; JosAs 2:20 ‘trough’; Jos., Ant. 5, 213 al.; Just., D. 86, 2) γεννήματα λ. produce of the wine-press (cp. Num 18:30) D 13:3 (s. γέννημα). Hewn in the rock (cp. POxy 502, 36 [164 A.D.] τὰς ληνοὺς λιθίνας) Mt 21:33.—In Rv fig. πατεῖν τὴν λ. tread the wine-press (i.e. the grapes in it; Diod S 4, 5, 1 πατῆσαι τ. σταφυλὰς ἐν ληνῷ; s. also 2 Esdr 23:15; La 1:15; cp. Jer 31:33) Rv 19:15; pass. 14:20a. βάλλειν εἰς τὴν ληνόν pour into the wine-press (cp. Anacreontea 59, 4 Pr. κατὰ ληνὸν βάλλειν … πατεῖν) 14:19. Blood (cp. the ‘blood of the grape’) flows fr. the wine-press vs. 20b.—DELG. M-M. TW. -
17 ὑπολήνιον
ὑπολήνιον, ου, τό (Demioprata [s. on this UKöhler, Her 23, 1888, 397–401], Pollux 10, 130; Geopon.; POxy 1735, 5; LXX.—The adj. OGI 383, 147) a trough placed beneath the wine-press to hold the wine, wine trough, vat Mk 12:1.—AWikenhauser, BZ 8, 1910, 273.—DELG s.v. ληνός. M-M. -
18 Πλυνοίς
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19 Πλυνοῖς
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20 Πλυνοίσιν
См. также в других словарях:
Trough — may refer to: * Trough (food), a container for animal feed (syn: manger) * Trough (geology), a long depression less steep than a trench * Trough (meteorology), an elongated region of low atmospheric pressure * Trough (physics), the lowest point… … Wikipedia
Trough — (tr[o^]f), n. [OE. trough, trogh, AS. trog, troh; akin to D., G., & Icel. trog, Sw. tr[*a]g, Dan. trug; probably originally meaning, made of wood, and akin to E. tree. [root]63 & 241. See {Tree}, and cf. {Trug}.] 1. A long, hollow vessel,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Trough gutter — Trough Trough (tr[o^]f), n. [OE. trough, trogh, AS. trog, troh; akin to D., G., & Icel. trog, Sw. tr[*a]g, Dan. trug; probably originally meaning, made of wood, and akin to E. tree. [root]63 & 241. See {Tree}, and cf. {Trug}.] 1. A long, hollow… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Trough of the sea — Trough Trough (tr[o^]f), n. [OE. trough, trogh, AS. trog, troh; akin to D., G., & Icel. trog, Sw. tr[*a]g, Dan. trug; probably originally meaning, made of wood, and akin to E. tree. [root]63 & 241. See {Tree}, and cf. {Trug}.] 1. A long, hollow… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
trough — [trɔf US tro:f] n ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 1¦(container)¦ 2¦(low point)¦ 3¦(waves)¦ 4¦(weather)¦ 5 have your nose/snout in the trough ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ [: Old English; Origin: trog] 1.) ¦(CONTAINER)¦ a long narrow open container that holds water or food for animals … Dictionary of contemporary English
trough´like´ — trough «trf, trof», noun. 1. a long, narrow, open container for holding food or water, especially for farm stock or other animals: »He led the horses to the watering trough. SYNONYM(S): manger. 2. something shaped like this: »The baker used a… … Useful english dictionary
trough — [ trɔf ] noun count 1. ) a long narrow open container used for holding food or water for animals: a cattle trough 2. ) a low area between two high waves or hills: The boat lay almost helpless in the trough of the waves. 3. ) a period when… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
Trough-shell — n. (Zo[ o]l.) Any bivalve shell of the genus Mactra. See {Mactra}. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
trough — trough; trough·ton; … English syllables
trough fault — noun (geology) A pair of parallel faults with downthrow between them • • • Main Entry: ↑trough … Useful english dictionary
trough — O.E. trog, from P.Gmc. *trugoz (Cf. O.Fris., O.S., O.N. trog, M.Du. troch, Du. trog, O.H.G. troc, Ger. trog), perhaps ultimately from PIE *drukos, from root *dru wood, tree (see TREE (Cf. tree)). Originally pronounced in English with a hard … Etymology dictionary